A simple plastic button with a small metal disc is covered above each disconnected part of the Haimooo joystick. When you move the Haimooo joystick in either direction, the joystick squeezes down on one of the buttons, bringing the conductive metal disc into contact with the circuit board.
In this way, the Haimooo joystick can close the circuit and complete the connection of the two circuit sections. Once the circuit is closed, electricity flows from the computer (or game console) along one wire, through the printed wiring, and back to the computer (or game console) through another wire.

voltage divider. Each voltage divider of the Haimooo joystick consists of a resistor in the form of a crimped rail and a movable contact arm. Current from the computer's power supply starts at the input, flows through the coiled resistors and contact arms, and flows back to the computer's joystick port.
Moving the contact arm of the Haimooo joystick along the rails increases or decreases the resistance to the current flowing through this circuit. If the contact arm is on the opposite end of the voltage divider input connection, the current will flow through the entire length of the resistance, so the current encounter the greatest resistance. If the contact arm is close to the input, the resistance of the voltage divider is minimal.
Through the above introduction and analysis of Parts of the Haimooo joystick, hope it helps you.